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Mode of Action (MoA)
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serves as a metal-dependent cyclic NMP phosphodiesterase, degrading cyclic pyrimidines used in signalling.
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Evidence
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Cell lysates from Bacillus subtilis infected with SBSphiJ-family phages degraded Pycsar signals like cCMP and cUMP. Purified Apyc1 protein from SBSphiJ cleaved these cyclic pyrimidine mononucleotides with broad specificity. The crystal structure of Apyc1 (ECO_0001034) revealed a metal-dependent phosphodiesterase with a metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) fold and coordination of Zn²⁺ ions. Mutations in catalytic residues abolished activity. In vitro, Apyc1-treated cUMP failed to activate the Pycsar effector PycTIR. Expression of Apyc1 (ECO_0000017) in Pycsar-expressing E. coli rescued infection by phage T5, demonstrating Apyc1's role in subverting Pycsar-mediated defense.
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MoA Category
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degrades or sequesters molecules utilised by host defence systems
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Subtype(s) of the defence system(s) inhibited by the protein
Defence Subtype
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E. coli KTE188 type III CBASS
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Relevant publication(s)
DOI
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10.1038/s41586-022-04716-y
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Other components of the anti-defence system
Multicomponent System
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-
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Known structure in PDB
PDB ID
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7T28
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Genome(s) encoding the protein
Protein Source
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Bacillus phage SBSphiJ
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Defence system(s) inhibited by the protein
Defences
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Pycsar
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View homologs from eukaryotic dsDNA viruses
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